About 20% to 40% of pregnant women experience constipation at any point during their pregnancy. Passing hard stools, pain or straining during bowel movements, spending more time in the toilet, less frequent bowel movements, and difficulty passing stools are some symptoms of constipation.
What causes constipation during pregnancy?
- Hormonal changes in women during pregnancy make them prone to constipation. Pregnancy hormone progesterone causes the relaxation of muscles in the digestive system making it slow. It gives more time for the intestines to reabsorb more water from digestive waste or stools, making them harder.
- The usage of prenatal vitamins and minerals can also contribute to constipation. Both iron and calcium supplements are known to cause constipation.
- A growing foetus in the uterus also exerts pressure on the intestines, contributing to constipation.
- Changing lifestyle during pregnancy, less physical activity, inadequate water intake, and less fibre in the diet can also worsen constipation.
What are the complications of constipation during pregnancy?
- Constipation in pregnancy can aggravate pre-existing piles or haemorrhoids, leading to their enlargement or bleeding.
- Some women may develop anal fissures, which cause extreme pain and bleeding during bowel movements.
How to manage constipation during pregnancy at home?
- Drink adequate water or 8 to 10 glasses of water a day.
- Increase the amount of fibre in the diet by including a lot of fruits, vegetables, lentils, greens, peas and whole grains.
- Exercise for about 20 minutes a day, thrice a week, after discussing with your gynaecologist.
How to treat constipation in pregnancy?
A doctor may suggest medical treatment when all the home remedies fail to relieve symptoms. Doctors may prescribe:
- Bulk-forming agents like isabgol husk, which increase the bulk and water content in the stools to make them pass easily
- Osmotic laxatives, which make your stools softer by absorbing water
- Stool softeners, which soften the stools to make them easier to pass
Important note:
Self-medication should be strictly avoided during pregnancy. Do not take over-the-counter laxatives without the doctor’s advice to relieve constipation, as some laxatives, like stimulant laxatives, increase contraction and relation of uterine muscles harming the foetus.
Takeaway points
Constipation during pregnancy is common, mainly due to hormonal changes and prenatal supplements. It can be relieved at home with dietary and lifestyle changes or simple medications.
How can Bangalore Gastro Centre help?
The team of gastroenterologists at Bangalore Gastro Centre Hospitals in HSR Layout includes a lady gastro doctor for women to discuss their health issues comfortably. The team also includes a nutritionist who can advise women to deal with fissures and piles in pregnancy through tailored diet plans. The centre also offers piles and fissure treatment through advanced laser treatment.
